Meas极端天气的影响需要极端的数字。
Climate change racked up an eye-popping $165 billion damages tab in the U.S. last year, as tallied by a recent 世界杯去哪里买球 (外围体育平台推荐下载软件) And back in September, around 82 percent of Florida school districts closed for at least one day — keeping roughly 2.5 million students out of school.
专家预测 2023 年将出现更多极端天气，这无疑意味着学校将遭受更多干扰K-12 教育时代已经被与流行病相关的学习挫折所定义。这使实体教室处于危险之中，也威胁到学生的学业和心理健康。
气候变化的教育成本
Climate change impacts on K-12 education are a problem worldwide. Damage from disasters like flooding, cyclones and wildfires can shutter schools for long periods, a 布鲁金斯学会报告 says, or cause students to miss school due to illness or damage to their homes. The report authors were particularly concerned about repercussions for girls.
“这些风险对青春期女孩来说尤其严重，她们在被迫走上不同的道路——包括婚姻之前，只有很短的机会重返学校”或为工作而迁移，”研究人员写道。
在美国，天气对学校的物理威胁因地区而异。它们包括飓风、野火和冬季风暴。
For example, last year, California’s legislature 将气候变化确定为主要威胁 to K-12 education for its potential to disrupt students’ lives and learning, along with school districts’ budgets. One of its most notable dangers is increased wildfires, which caused more than 100 school districts to evacuate when they swept the state in 2020. But the analysis also warns that schools must prepare for closures due to heat-induced power outages or poor air quality.
“在该州的某些地区，教育工作者和学生也可能越来越多地受到洪水的影响，洪水会破坏他们上学的能力或短期或长期损害学校设施的功能，”状态分析说。 “更频繁的关闭将导致教育、特殊教育服务、学校供餐、儿童保育和其他服务中断。”
恢复是什么样的？
极端天气不仅仅让学生处于字面上的危险之中。它还会扰乱他们的学习进度 - 并影响他们的幸福感。
Students can academically bounce back after a natural disaster, but it’s not a guarantee. Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 分析了学生的表现 following Hurricanes Matthew and Florence, which hit the state in 2016 and 2018 respectively. They found that standardized test scores dropped across grade levels following the storms, and that elementary students scored progressively worse on tests for each of the three years following Hurricane Matthew.
其中一位研究人员是卡桑德拉·R·戴维斯 (Cassandra R. Davis)，他是该研究所的助理教授北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校公共政策系。她说，气候数据显示，焦油脚跟州预计每隔一年就会受到热带风暴的袭击，从而使教育中断持续不断。
“你正在从 2016 年发生的事件中倒退，”戴维斯说到飓风马修，“两年内还会发生另一件事，对吗？”所以问题是，“学生有机会恢复吗？”
帮助学生在学业上重回正轨并不仅仅意味着让他们回到校园或通过 Zoom 上课。
爱荷华州立大学教授卡尔威姆斯研究员写道，经历过自然灾害的学生带着创伤后应激障碍回到学校，这会导致考试焦虑，从而降低考试成绩。
“My own research — and that of 许多其他 — shows that while children are often resilient in the face of disasters, the effects of trauma can be insidious and 在未来几年徘徊,” Weems wrote for 对话. “Therefore, if schools want to help students do better, my research suggests they should focus on helping kids learn to regulate their anxiety.”
In an interview with EdSurge, Weems said that one distinction between 2005 and now is people’s willingness to acknowledge the importance of mental health. The key to actually doing something about it, he says, will be having sufficient federal and state 英超买球平台 to ensure schools can put mental health support in place.
“我在 [飓风] 卡特里娜之后的经历和很多人都说，“不，我们不需要 PTSD 的帮助，”他回忆道。 “已经将近 20 年了，在那段时间里，人们对这个问题的思考发生了变化。”
If this sounds familiar, it’s because K-12 educators have been wrestling for three years with how to help students thrive during and 从远程学习中恢复, and its 国内体育直播平台 (体育投资平台排名), following the start of the coronavirus pandemic.
教育工作者发现的一件事是，没有灵丹妙药可以帮助孩子们学习。那么，他们是否在 COVID-19 大流行期间学会了策略，以帮助他们在教育因极端天气或其他与气候相关的灾难而中断时更好地支持学生？
戴维斯当然希望如此，但她补充说，教育生态系统普遍落后考虑气候变化将如何影响它时的曲线。
“我希望到 2027 年教育不会变成这样，‘我们需要开始考虑气候变化，’ ”戴维斯说，“因为将会发生的是那些拥有资源和访问权限的 [学校] 已经准备好配备电动汽车和太阳能电池板。那些没有办法或无法访问的群体将被远远抛在后面。
